OWASP Agentic Top 10 ASI09Human-Agent Trust Exploitation

Intelligent agents can establish strong trust with human users through their natural language fluency, emotional intelligence, and perceived expertise, known as anthropomorphism. Adversaries or misaligned designs may exploit this trust to influence user decisions, extract sensitive information, or steer outcomes for malicious purposes. In agentic systems, this risk is amplified when humans over-rely on autonomous recommendations or unverifiable rationales, approving actions without independent validation. By leveraging authority bias and persuasive explainability, attackers can bypass oversight, leading to data breaches, financial losses, downstream and reputational harms.OWASP Top 10 for Agentic Applications, 2026 edition, December 2025, ASI09

We read each law below as bearing on this control. That does not mean the control, done well, meets the law: what each law asks is on its own page. Corpus as of 29 Sep 2026.

The kinds of duty that reach it: content labelling, design code, governance.

70: laws
41: places
1: with court rulings behind it
26: not yet in force
1: blocked by a court
3: proposed, not law

The same ground elsewhere linked through the kinds of duty both controls are mapped from

NIST AI RMFGOVERN 1.1 Legal and regulatory requirements involving AI are understood, managed, and documented.
NIST AI RMFGOVERN 1.4 The risk management process and its outcomes are established through transparent...
NIST AI 600-1GAI-RISK-07 Human-AI Configuration
NIST AI 600-1GAI-RISK-03 Dangerous, Violent, or Hateful Content
OWASP LLM Top 10LLM03:2026 Excessive Agency
MIT mitigations2.4 Content Safety Controls
MIT mitigations4.6 User Rights & Recourse
NIST Privacy FrameworkID.IM-P4 Data actions of the systems/products/services are inventoried.
NIST Privacy FrameworkID.RA-P1 Contextual factors related to the systems/products/services and the data actions are...
NIST CSF 2.0GV.OC-03 Legal, regulatory, and contractual requirements regarding cybersecurity - including...
NIST CSF 2.0GV.RR-01 Organizational leadership is responsible and accountable for cybersecurity risk and...

A law in force is unmarked; the rest wear their state: not yet in force blocked by a court proposed

AI transparency

36 laws, 28 places

Place	Law	How it reaches this control
Alabama	Distribution of Materially Deceptive Media to Influence an Upcoming Election	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
Brazil	TSE Resolution, AI-Generated Content Disclosure Duty	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
California	AB 2839, election materially deceptive deepfake disclaimer law blocked by a court	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
California	AB 730, as extended by AB 972, election deepfake disclosure law	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
California	California AI Transparency Act (SB 942, as amended by AB 853)	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
Colorado	HB 26-1263 (2026), Conversational AI Service Operator Requirements from 1 Jan 2027, in 3 months	Through its content labelling, design code duties. What it requires
European Union	AI Act, Article 50 (transparency obligations for AI systems and synthetic content)	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
European Union	Digital Services Act, Article 35(1)(k) (systemic risk mitigation, synthetic media marking)	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
Gabon	Ordonnance n°0011/PR/2026, marquage des contenus générés par intelligence artificielle	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
Greece	Law 5321/2026, National AI Act Implementation Law	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires

Show the other 26 laws

Idaho	Conversational AI Safety Act from 1 Jul 2027, in 9 months	Through its content labelling, design code duties. What it requires
Idaho	FAIR Elections Act, disclosure duty for synthetic media in electioneering communications	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
Indiana	Use of Digitally Altered Media in Elections (House Enrolled Act 1133, 2024)	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
Iowa	Conversational AI Services Act (Senate File 2417) from 1 Jul 2027, in 9 months	Through its content labelling, design code duties. What it requires
Jamaica	Practice Direction No. 1 of 2025, Use of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Court Proceedings	Through its governance duty. What it requires
Kentucky	Synthetic Media Disclosure in Electioneering Communications	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
Kyrgyzstan	Digital Code, Chapter 23: AI interaction and deepfake disclosure duties	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
Louisiana	Act 559 (HB 639), AI-generated voice telephone campaign communication disclosure	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
Louisiana	Act 806 (HB 459), AI-manipulated electioneering communication disclosure	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
Maine	Synthetic media disclosure in campaign advertising from a date not yet set	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
Michigan	AI-Generated Political Advertisement and Robocall Disclosure (Public Act 263 of 2023)	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
Michigan	Distribution of Materially Deceptive Election Media (Public Act 265 of 2023)	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
Nebraska	Conversational Artificial Intelligence Safety Act (LB 525, §§ 12-18) from 1 Jul 2027, in 9 months	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
Nevada	AB 73 (2025), AI-manipulated media disclosure in paid political communications	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
New Mexico	HB 182 (2024), AI-generated and manipulated media disclosure and disclaimer requirements in campaign advertising	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
North Dakota	House Bill 1167 (2025), AI-generated political content disclosure	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
Ohio	S.B. 163, AI-Generated Content Watermark and Provenance Mandate proposed	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
Oregon	AI Companion Chatbot Safety Act (SB 1546) from a date not yet set	Through its content labelling, design code duties. What it requires
Oregon	Campaign communication disclosure of synthetic media (SB 1571)	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
Puerto Rico	AI disclosure in political advertising and electoral communications	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
Russia	Federal Law No. 243-FZ, Article 9, AI-Generated Content Notice from 1 Mar 2027, in 5 months	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
Turkey	Commercial Advertising Regulation, AI Disclosure Duty	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
United States	AI Labeling Act of 2026 proposed	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
United States	FCC AI Political Ad Disclosure Rulemaking, Docket 24-211 proposed	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
Utah	Digital Content Provenance Standards Act (HB 276, 2026 General Session), Utah Code Title 13 Chapter 72c from 1 Jan 2027, in 3 months	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires
Wisconsin	2023 Wisconsin Act 123, AI-Generated Content Disclosure in Political Communications	Through its content labelling duty. What it requires

AI risk obligations

14 laws, 8 places

Place	Law	How it reaches this control
El Salvador	Resolución ANIA 0001/2025, registro obligatorio para decisiones consecuenciales	Through its governance duty. What it requires
European Union	AI Act, Article 10 (data and data governance) from 2 Dec 2027, in 14 months	Through its governance duty. What it requires
European Union	AI Act, Article 111(2) (2030 compliance deadline for public-authority-intended systems) from 2 Aug 2030, in 3.8 years	Through its governance duty. What it requires
European Union	AI Act, Article 14 (human oversight) from 2 Dec 2027, in 14 months	Through its governance duty. What it requires
European Union	AI Act, Article 26(1) to (5) (deployer use, human oversight, input data and monitoring) from 2 Dec 2027, in 14 months	Through its governance duty. What it requires
European Union	AI Act, Article 26(10) (post-remote biometric identification authorisation) from 2 Dec 2027, in 14 months	Through its governance duty. What it requires
European Union	AI Act, Article 6(3) and (4) (narrow-task derogation from Annex III high-risk classification) from 2 Dec 2027, in 14 months	Through its governance duty. What it requires
European Union	AI Act, Article 9 (risk management system) from 2 Dec 2027, in 14 months	Through its governance duty. What it requires
Indiana	Downcoding of Health Benefits Claims, automated and AI decision-making (House Enrolled Act 1271, 2026)	Through its governance duty. What it requires
Kyrgyzstan	Digital Code, Chapter 23: AI system design and risk-management obligations	Through its governance duty. What it requires

Show the other 4 laws

Malta	Artificial Intelligence (Designation of the Information and Data Protection Commissioner for the purposes of Regulation (EU) 2024/1689) Regulations, 2025 (L.N. 227 of 2025)	Through its governance duty. What it requires
Montana	Right to Compute Act (SB 212, 2025), critical AI infrastructure risk management duty	Through its governance duty. What it requires
South Korea	AI Framework Act, Article 34 (business-operator duties for high-impact AI)	Through its governance duty. What it requires
Vietnam	Law on Artificial Intelligence, risk classification and conformity assessment	Through its governance duty. What it requires

AI governance

11 laws, 8 places

Place	Law	How it reaches this control
California	Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act (SB 53)	Through its governance duty. What it requires
European Union	AI Act, Article 12 (record-keeping) from 2 Dec 2027, in 14 months	Through its governance duty. What it requires
European Union	AI Act, Article 19 (automatically generated logs) from 2 Dec 2027, in 14 months	Through its governance duty. What it requires
European Union	AI Act, Article 21(2) (competent authority access to automatically generated logs) from 2 Dec 2027, in 14 months	Through its governance duty. What it requires
European Union	AI Act, Article 26(6) (deployer log-keeping) from 2 Dec 2027, in 14 months	Through its governance duty. What it requires
Germany	Gesetz zur Marktüberwachung und Innovationsförderung von künstlicher Intelligenz (KI-MIG), AI Market Surveillance and Innovation Promotion Act	Through its governance duty. What it requires
Hungary	Act LXXV of 2025 on the Domestic Implementation of the EU AI Regulation	Through its governance duty. What it requires
Illinois	Artificial Intelligence Safety Measures Act from 1 Jan 2027, in 3 months	Through its governance duty. What it requires
Russia	Federal Law No. 243-FZ, Article 8, Duties of Sovereign and National Foundation Model Developers from 1 Mar 2027, in 5 months	Through its governance duty. What it requires
Vanuatu	Digital Transformation Act 2025, ICT service permit for AI and AI-related data services	Through its governance duty. What it requires

Show the other 1 law

Vatican City

Guidelines on Artificial Intelligence of Vatican City State (Decree No. DCCII)

Through its content labelling, governance duties. What it requires

AI sector rules

7 laws, 7 places

Place	Law	How it reaches this control
Alabama	SB 63 (2026), Artificial Intelligence in Health Insurance Prior Authorization from 1 Oct 2026, in 2 days	Through its governance duty. What it requires
Colorado	Amended Regulation 10-1-1 (2025), Governance and Risk Management Framework for Insurers' Use of External Consumer Data and Information Sources, Algorithms, and Predictive Models	Through its governance duty. What it requires
Georgia	Private Review Agent Artificial Intelligence Coverage Determinations Act (SB 444) from 1 Jan 2027, in 3 months	Through its governance duty. What it requires
Maine	Use of artificial intelligence in therapy or psychotherapy services from a date not yet set	Through its governance duty. What it requires
Minnesota	Utilization Review, AI-Only Adverse Determination Prohibition from 1 Jan 2027, in 3 months	Through its governance duty. What it requires
Nevada	AB 406 (2025), licensed provider restriction on direct clinical use of AI	Through its governance duty. What it requires
Utah	Health Insurance Preauthorization AI Disclosure (SB 319, 2026 General Session) from 1 Jan 2027, in 3 months	Through its governance duty. What it requires

AI prohibited practices

1 law, 1 place

Place	Law	How it reaches this control
Denmark	Lov nr. 467 af 14. maj 2025, National Competent Authorities and Article 5 Enforcement	Through its governance duty. What it requires

AI training data

1 law, 1 place

Place	Law	How it reaches this control
European Union	AI Act, Article 53 (obligations for providers of general-purpose AI models)	Through its governance duty. What it requires

Excerpts of the OWASP Top 10 for Agentic Applications, CC BY-SA 4.0. OWASP GenAI Security Project, Agentic Security Initiative, OWASP Top 10 for Agentic Applications 2026, https://genai.owasp.org/resource/owasp-top-10-for-agentic-applications-for-2026/, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Excerpted: only the first paragraph of each entry's Description is reproduced, verbatim. Every control of the framework.