European UnionAI Act, Article 53 (obligations for providers of general-purpose AI models)
Regulation (EU) 2024/1689, Article 53
A citation is an address, not a summary. The first part names the law; what follows narrows it to the exact section, article or paragraph.
What follows is LexLint's own research summary of this law, not legal advice.
In force since 2 August 2025.
An AI training data rule binding public and private bodies.
As of 15 August 2026.
What it requires
- Publish a training-content summary if you provide a general-purpose model
- Adopt and follow a copyright policy that respects text and data mining (TDM) opt-outs
- Keep technical documentation available for the AI Office
If you get it wrong
Criminal exposureNo
Private right of actionNo
Penalty structure
Article 101(1): fines imposed by the Commission on providers of general-purpose AI models; applies from 2026-08-02 (Article 113(b)).
- Rule
- Higher of
- As of
- 2 September 2026
- Currency
- EUR
- Fixed cap
- 15,000,000
- Turnover percentage cap
- 3
Who enforces it
Enforcement body
European Commission (AI Office)
Enforcement record
The AI Office's own overview page names its Article 101 fining power over general-purpose AI model providers, and its Article 91 to 93 powers to request information, evaluate a model and require corrective measures, as authority it holds; that supervisory and enforcement authority became operative on 2026-08-02 under Article 113(b), a year after the Article 53 duties themselves took effect. The same page's own 'Latest News' list, current to 2026-09-08, names no request for information, model evaluation, corrective-measures order, or fine issued against a general-purpose AI model provider under Chapter V in the weeks since. actions_per_year is recorded as 0 over the period from 2026-08-02 to 2026-09-17 because the AI Office's own page shows nothing under Chapter V, not because none was sought.
- As of
- 17 September 2026
- Source link
- https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/ai-office
What it reaches
How the hook was established
express
What makes it apply
Market targeting
Obligation class
Disclosure, Governance, TDM
What it makes you log
Who may demand the log
Regulator, Counterparty
What the log must hold
System identity, Data lineage
Logging duty
Article 53 requires a provider of a general-purpose AI model to draw up and keep up to date technical documentation for the AI Office and national authorities, share technical information with providers who integrate the model downstream, and publish a summary of the content used to train the model. The Article never uses the words logs, records, or audit trail, but none of the three duties can be met without maintaining documentation and producing it on request or publishing it.
- Kind
- Implicit
- As of
- 21 September 2026
- Provision
- Article 53(1), points (a), (b) and (d)
Why the legislator wanted it
Recital 107 states the purpose of the training-content summary in Article 53(1)(d). The Regulation states no comparable purpose for the technical documentation kept for the AI Office and national authorities in Article 53(1)(a).
- As of
- 21 September 2026
- Quote
- this summary should be generally comprehensive in its scope instead of technically detailed to facilitate parties with legitimate interests, including copyright holders, to exercise and enforce their rights under Union law
- Source link
- https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1689/oj/eng
- Source kind
- Recital
- Purpose
- individual_redress
- provenance_and_authenticity
Who checks it
Audit expectation
on_request
Also on the record
EEA status
- Status
- Pending
- Source link
- https://www.efta.int/eea-lex/32024r1689
What this law does
Drafted with AI from the cited sources under the direction of UnGovr staff. UnGovr holds editorial responsibility for this page.
Providers of general-purpose AI models must draw up and keep up to date the model's technical documentation for the AI Office and national competent authorities, make information and documentation available to providers who intend to integrate the model into their own AI systems, put in place a policy to comply with Union copyright law and in particular to identify and comply with a reservation of rights expressed under Article 4(3) of Directive (EU) 2019/790, and draw up and make publicly available a sufficiently detailed summary of the content used for training, following a template provided by the AI Office.
Paragraph 2 exempts models released under a free and open-source licence from the first two duties only, and not at all where the model carries systemic risk, so the copyright policy and the training-content summary bind every provider of a general-purpose model. Article 113(b) applies Chapter V, which contains this Article, from 2 August 2025, a year ahead of the Regulation's general application date.
When LexLint raises it
trains_models
Read the law
official consolidated Official Journal text, EUR-Lex
Every line above is drawn from the primary source linked here, read on the date shown. This is a research summary, not legal advice.