Law / Frameworks / Crosswalk / ETSI EN 304 223 to NIST AI 600-1

The ETSI EN 304 223, Baseline Cyber Security Requirements for AI Models and Systems, mapped to the NIST Generative AI Profile

19 of ETSI EN 304 223's provisions connect to 7 of NIST AI 600-1's through 436 laws in 166 jurisdictions. Two provisions connect when the same duties, in at least 2 laws we track, reach both. The connections are our own reading of the law; no framework publisher has reviewed or endorsed them.

From
ETSI EN 304 223, Baseline Cyber Security Requirements for AI Models and Systems, version 2.1.1, December 2025, European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI)
To
NIST Generative AI Profile, July 2024 (NIST AI 600-1), National Institute of Standards and Technology
See also
NIST AI 600-1 to ETSI EN 304 223, the other way · every pair in the crosswalk · law library as of

Download this mapping, with every law behind each connection: nist-ai-600-1--etsi-en-304-223.csv · nist-ai-600-1--etsi-en-304-223.json

ETSI EN 304 223NIST AI 600-1LawsJurisdictionsWhere the laws stand
5.1.2-1Business need and security risks written down and assessed before deciding to build an... GAI-RISK-08Information Integrity 143 86 124 in force, 15 not yet in force, 1 blocked by a court, 3 proposed
The 143 laws behind 5.1.2-1 and GAI-RISK-08

and 133 more, every one in the free file.

GAI-RISK-11Obscene, Degrading, and/or Abusive Content 143 86 124 in force, 15 not yet in force, 1 blocked by a court, 3 proposed
The 143 laws behind 5.1.2-1 and GAI-RISK-11

and 133 more, every one in the free file.

GAI-RISK-04Data Privacy 13 11 6 in force, 2 not yet in force, 5 proposed
The 13 laws behind 5.1.2-1 and GAI-RISK-04

and 3 more, every one in the free file.

GAI-RISK-07Human-AI Configuration 2 2 1 in force, 1 not yet in force
The 2 laws behind 5.1.2-1 and GAI-RISK-07
5.1.2-2System built to hold up against adversarial attacks, unexpected inputs and failures. GAI-RISK-04Data Privacy 3 2 2 in force, 1 not yet in force
The 3 laws behind 5.1.2-2 and GAI-RISK-04
GAI-RISK-09Information Security 3 2 2 in force, 1 not yet in force
The 3 laws behind 5.1.2-2 and GAI-RISK-09
5.1.2-6Access the AI system gets to other systems and data sources is minimal and risk assessed. GAI-RISK-09Information Security 145 107 142 in force, 3 not yet in force
The 145 laws behind 5.1.2-6 and GAI-RISK-09

and 135 more, every one in the free file.

GAI-RISK-12Value Chain and Component Integration 145 107 142 in force, 3 not yet in force
The 145 laws behind 5.1.2-6 and GAI-RISK-12

and 135 more, every one in the free file.

GAI-RISK-10Intellectual Property 7 5 7 in force
The 7 laws behind 5.1.2-6 and GAI-RISK-10
5.1.2-7Due diligence on external providers, including whether they follow this standard. GAI-RISK-12Value Chain and Component Integration 2 2 1 in force, 1 not yet in force
The 2 laws behind 5.1.2-7 and GAI-RISK-12
5.1.3-1Threat modelling and risk management, reviewed regularly and covering AI-specific attacks. GAI-RISK-04Data Privacy 16 11 8 in force, 3 not yet in force, 5 proposed
The 16 laws behind 5.1.3-1 and GAI-RISK-04

and 6 more, every one in the free file.

GAI-RISK-09Information Security 3 2 2 in force, 1 not yet in force
The 3 laws behind 5.1.3-1 and GAI-RISK-09
GAI-RISK-07Human-AI Configuration 2 1 2 in force
The 2 laws behind 5.1.3-1 and GAI-RISK-07
5.1.3-2Threats developers cannot resolve are passed to operators and on to end-users. GAI-RISK-07Human-AI Configuration 70 44 42 in force, 16 not yet in force, 12 proposed
The 70 laws behind 5.1.3-2 and GAI-RISK-07

and 60 more, every one in the free file.

GAI-RISK-08Information Integrity 70 44 42 in force, 16 not yet in force, 12 proposed
The 70 laws behind 5.1.3-2 and GAI-RISK-08

and 60 more, every one in the free file.

GAI-RISK-09Information Security 6 4 3 in force, 3 not yet in force
The 6 laws behind 5.1.3-2 and GAI-RISK-09
GAI-RISK-11Obscene, Degrading, and/or Abusive Content 3 3 1 in force, 2 not yet in force
The 3 laws behind 5.1.3-2 and GAI-RISK-11
GAI-RISK-04Data Privacy 2 2 1 in force, 1 not yet in force
The 2 laws behind 5.1.3-2 and GAI-RISK-04
5.1.4-1Capability for human oversight designed in and maintained. GAI-RISK-07Human-AI Configuration 78 37 50 in force, 27 not yet in force, 1 proposed
The 78 laws behind 5.1.4-1 and GAI-RISK-07

and 68 more, every one in the free file.

GAI-RISK-09Information Security 13 10 10 in force, 2 not yet in force, 1 proposed
The 13 laws behind 5.1.4-1 and GAI-RISK-09

and 3 more, every one in the free file.

GAI-RISK-04Data Privacy 6 3 4 in force, 2 not yet in force
The 6 laws behind 5.1.4-1 and GAI-RISK-04
GAI-RISK-10Intellectual Property 4 3 3 in force, 1 not yet in force
The 4 laws behind 5.1.4-1 and GAI-RISK-10
GAI-RISK-08Information Integrity 2 2 2 in force
The 2 laws behind 5.1.4-1 and GAI-RISK-08
5.1.4-3Where oversight is a risk control, the technical measures behind it are built,... GAI-RISK-04Data Privacy 5 3 3 in force, 2 not yet in force
The 5 laws behind 5.1.4-3 and GAI-RISK-04
GAI-RISK-07Human-AI Configuration 5 3 3 in force, 2 not yet in force
The 5 laws behind 5.1.4-3 and GAI-RISK-07
5.1.4-5End-users told which uses of the system are prohibited. GAI-RISK-08Information Integrity 143 86 124 in force, 15 not yet in force, 1 blocked by a court, 3 proposed
The 143 laws behind 5.1.4-5 and GAI-RISK-08

and 133 more, every one in the free file.

GAI-RISK-11Obscene, Degrading, and/or Abusive Content 143 86 124 in force, 15 not yet in force, 1 blocked by a court, 3 proposed
The 143 laws behind 5.1.4-5 and GAI-RISK-11

and 133 more, every one in the free file.

5.2.1-1Full inventory of assets, including their dependencies and connections. GAI-RISK-07Human-AI Configuration 78 37 50 in force, 27 not yet in force, 1 proposed
The 78 laws behind 5.2.1-1 and GAI-RISK-07

and 68 more, every one in the free file.

GAI-RISK-09Information Security 13 10 10 in force, 2 not yet in force, 1 proposed
The 13 laws behind 5.2.1-1 and GAI-RISK-09

and 3 more, every one in the free file.

GAI-RISK-04Data Privacy 6 3 4 in force, 2 not yet in force
The 6 laws behind 5.2.1-1 and GAI-RISK-04
GAI-RISK-10Intellectual Property 4 3 3 in force, 1 not yet in force
The 4 laws behind 5.2.1-1 and GAI-RISK-10
GAI-RISK-08Information Integrity 2 2 2 in force
The 2 laws behind 5.2.1-1 and GAI-RISK-08
5.2.1-4Sensitive data such as training and test sets protected from unauthorised access. GAI-RISK-04Data Privacy 3 2 2 in force, 1 not yet in force
The 3 laws behind 5.2.1-4 and GAI-RISK-04
GAI-RISK-09Information Security 3 2 2 in force, 1 not yet in force
The 3 laws behind 5.2.1-4 and GAI-RISK-09
5.2.2-5AI-specific incident management and recovery plans that are created, tested and maintained. GAI-RISK-09Information Security 27 16 19 in force, 7 not yet in force, 1 proposed
The 27 laws behind 5.2.2-5 and GAI-RISK-09

and 17 more, every one in the free file.

GAI-RISK-07Human-AI Configuration 17 12 11 in force, 5 not yet in force, 1 proposed
The 17 laws behind 5.2.2-5 and GAI-RISK-07

and 7 more, every one in the free file.

GAI-RISK-08Information Integrity 6 4 3 in force, 3 not yet in force
The 6 laws behind 5.2.2-5 and GAI-RISK-08
5.2.2-6Contracts with cloud providers that back the requirements above. GAI-RISK-12Value Chain and Component Integration 2 2 1 in force, 1 not yet in force
The 2 laws behind 5.2.2-6 and GAI-RISK-12
5.2.4-1Developers keep an audit trail of system design and post-deployment maintenance plans... GAI-RISK-07Human-AI Configuration 78 37 50 in force, 27 not yet in force, 1 proposed
The 78 laws behind 5.2.4-1 and GAI-RISK-07

and 68 more, every one in the free file.

GAI-RISK-09Information Security 13 10 10 in force, 2 not yet in force, 1 proposed
The 13 laws behind 5.2.4-1 and GAI-RISK-09

and 3 more, every one in the free file.

GAI-RISK-04Data Privacy 6 3 4 in force, 2 not yet in force
The 6 laws behind 5.2.4-1 and GAI-RISK-04
GAI-RISK-10Intellectual Property 4 3 3 in force, 1 not yet in force
The 4 laws behind 5.2.4-1 and GAI-RISK-10
GAI-RISK-08Information Integrity 2 2 2 in force
The 2 laws behind 5.2.4-1 and GAI-RISK-08
5.2.4-2.1Minimum record for training data: its source, such as a page URL, and when it was collected. GAI-RISK-10Intellectual Property 18 16 17 in force, 1 not yet in force
The 18 laws behind 5.2.4-2.1 and GAI-RISK-10

and 8 more, every one in the free file.

GAI-RISK-12Value Chain and Component Integration 18 16 17 in force, 1 not yet in force
The 18 laws behind 5.2.4-2.1 and GAI-RISK-12

and 8 more, every one in the free file.

GAI-RISK-09Information Security 2 2 2 in force
The 2 laws behind 5.2.4-2.1 and GAI-RISK-09
5.3.1-1Users told where and how their data is used, accessed and stored, with developers... GAI-RISK-07Human-AI Configuration 70 44 42 in force, 16 not yet in force, 12 proposed
The 70 laws behind 5.3.1-1 and GAI-RISK-07

and 60 more, every one in the free file.

GAI-RISK-08Information Integrity 70 44 42 in force, 16 not yet in force, 12 proposed
The 70 laws behind 5.3.1-1 and GAI-RISK-08

and 60 more, every one in the free file.

GAI-RISK-09Information Security 6 4 3 in force, 3 not yet in force
The 6 laws behind 5.3.1-1 and GAI-RISK-09
GAI-RISK-11Obscene, Degrading, and/or Abusive Content 3 3 1 in force, 2 not yet in force
The 3 laws behind 5.3.1-1 and GAI-RISK-11
GAI-RISK-04Data Privacy 2 2 1 in force, 1 not yet in force
The 2 laws behind 5.3.1-1 and GAI-RISK-04
5.3.1-2.1That guidance covers proper use, limits and likely failure modes. GAI-RISK-07Human-AI Configuration 70 44 42 in force, 16 not yet in force, 12 proposed
The 70 laws behind 5.3.1-2.1 and GAI-RISK-07

and 60 more, every one in the free file.

GAI-RISK-08Information Integrity 70 44 42 in force, 16 not yet in force, 12 proposed
The 70 laws behind 5.3.1-2.1 and GAI-RISK-08

and 60 more, every one in the free file.

GAI-RISK-09Information Security 6 4 3 in force, 3 not yet in force
The 6 laws behind 5.3.1-2.1 and GAI-RISK-09
GAI-RISK-11Obscene, Degrading, and/or Abusive Content 3 3 1 in force, 2 not yet in force
The 3 laws behind 5.3.1-2.1 and GAI-RISK-11
GAI-RISK-04Data Privacy 2 2 1 in force, 1 not yet in force
The 2 laws behind 5.3.1-2.1 and GAI-RISK-04
5.4.2-1Operators log system and user actions. GAI-RISK-07Human-AI Configuration 78 37 50 in force, 27 not yet in force, 1 proposed
The 78 laws behind 5.4.2-1 and GAI-RISK-07

and 68 more, every one in the free file.

GAI-RISK-09Information Security 13 10 10 in force, 2 not yet in force, 1 proposed
The 13 laws behind 5.4.2-1 and GAI-RISK-09

and 3 more, every one in the free file.

GAI-RISK-04Data Privacy 6 3 4 in force, 2 not yet in force
The 6 laws behind 5.4.2-1 and GAI-RISK-04
GAI-RISK-10Intellectual Property 4 3 3 in force, 1 not yet in force
The 4 laws behind 5.4.2-1 and GAI-RISK-10
GAI-RISK-08Information Integrity 2 2 2 in force
The 2 laws behind 5.4.2-1 and GAI-RISK-08
5.4.2-2Logs analysed for anomalies, breaches and effects of drift or poisoning. GAI-RISK-04Data Privacy 3 2 2 in force, 1 not yet in force
The 3 laws behind 5.4.2-2 and GAI-RISK-04
GAI-RISK-09Information Security 3 2 2 in force, 1 not yet in force
The 3 laws behind 5.4.2-2 and GAI-RISK-09
Not connected to the NIST AI 600-1: 53 of ETSI EN 304 223's provisions

Short of 2 laws

The same duties reach these and a NIST AI 600-1 control, in fewer than 2 of the laws we track.

No law we track reaches these

No duty in the laws we track reaches these provisions.

  • 5.1.1-1 AI security content in the regular staff training programme, kept current.
  • 5.1.1-1.1 That training is adjusted to each person's role.
  • 5.1.1-2 All staff kept aware of current AI-related threats and the mitigations that exist.
  • 5.1.1-2.1 Threat updates circulated through several internal channels.
  • 5.1.1-2.2 Developers trained in secure coding and system design for AI work.
  • 5.1.2-1.1 Data custodians inside the developer's own organisation join the requirements discussion.
  • 5.1.2-3 Audit trail covering models, datasets and prompts through their lifecycle.
  • 5.1.2-4 Security risk assessment and due diligence before using an external component.
  • 5.1.2-5 Data custodians check that the intended use suits how sensitive the training data is.
  • 5.1.2-5.1 Staff encouraged to raise AI security concerns, with safeguards in place for doing so.
  • 5.1.3-1.1 Threat modelling repeated whenever a setting or configuration option is added or changed.
  • 5.1.3-1.2 Developers manage the risk from model capabilities the system does not need.
  • 5.1.3-1.3 Operators apply controls to the risks found, weighed against cost and their risk tolerance.
  • 5.1.3-3 Operators seek assurance from outside parties who hold responsibility for identified risks.
  • 5.1.3-4 Continuous monitoring and review of infrastructure against the organisation's risk appetite.
  • 5.1.4-2 Systems designed so people can judge the outputs they answer for.
  • 5.1.4-4 Developers verify that the data custodian's security controls made it into the build.
  • 5.2.1-2 Tooling and processes to track, authenticate, version and secure AI assets.
  • 5.2.1-3 Disaster recovery plans adapted to attacks aimed at AI systems.
  • 5.2.1-3.1 A known good state can be restored.
  • 5.2.1-4.1 Checks and sanitisation applied to data and inputs, and repeated when the model is revised.
  • 5.2.1-4.2 Proportionate protection where training data or model weights may be confidential.
  • 5.2.2-1 Access-control review, and measures to secure APIs, models, data and pipelines.
  • 5.2.2-2 Controls, such as rate limits, on any API offered to outside parties.
  • 5.2.2-3 Separate environments for development and tuning, with least privilege enforced technically.
  • 5.2.2-4 A published, easy-to-find vulnerability disclosure policy.
  • 5.2.3-1 Secure software supply-chain practice for developing models and systems.
  • 5.2.3-2 Written justification when using models or components that are poorly documented or secured.
  • 5.2.3-2.1 Mitigating controls and a risk assessment for those components.
  • 5.2.3-2.2 That justification shared with end-users in an accessible way.
  • 5.2.3-3 Evaluations run again on released models before they are adopted.
  • 5.2.3-4 End-users told before a model is updated.
  • 5.2.4-1.1 That documentation records security-relevant facts such as data sources, scope,...
  • 5.2.4-1.2 Cryptographic hashes published for model components handed to others.
  • 5.2.4-2 Records of how publicly sourced training data was obtained, where it came from and how...
  • 5.2.4-3 Audit log of changes to system prompts and other configuration that alter behaviour.
  • 5.2.5-1 Every model, application and system is security-assessed before release.
  • 5.2.5-2 Operators test before deployment, with developer support.
  • 5.2.5-2.1 Independent testers with relevant AI skills used for security testing.
  • 5.2.5-3 Developers pass their test findings to operators.
  • 5.2.5-4 Outputs evaluated so that non-public details of the model or its training data cannot...
  • 5.2.5-4.1 Outputs evaluated so users cannot gain unintended influence over the system.
  • 5.3.1-2 Accessible guidance on using, managing, integrating and configuring the system.
  • 5.3.1-2.2 Users proactively told about security-relevant updates.
  • 5.4.1-1 Developers issue security patches and notify operators, who pass them to users.
  • 5.4.1-1.1 Contingency mechanisms for cases where an update cannot be issued.
  • 5.4.1-2 A major update is treated as a new model version and re-tested.
  • 5.4.1-3 Operators helped to evaluate model changes, for example with preview access and versioned APIs.
  • 5.4.2-3 Internal system states monitored where that helps address security threats.
  • 5.4.2-4 Model and system performance tracked over time for shifts in behaviour that touch security.
  • 5.5.1-1 Data custodians involved and assets securely disposed of when training data or a model...
  • 5.5.1-2 Data custodians involved and data and configuration securely deleted when a model or...

How these connections are drawn

Each requirement line in the laws we track is read against the framework for its subject (the AI, scraping and news aggregation laws against the NIST AI RMF, the privacy, communications and age assurance laws against the NIST Privacy Framework, the cybersecurity laws against the NIST CSF 2.0); laws on liability and content moderation are not read against any framework yet. A line reaches either framework through a kind of duty its law carries, and only where that kind of duty also reaches, on that same line, the NIST framework for the line's own subject. Two provisions connect when lines in at least 2 laws reach both. That says the same duties reach both; it does not say the two are alike, or that running either one does what a law asks.

Every duty line in the AI, scraping and news aggregation laws we track has been read against the framework for its subject.

Sources and licenses

Identifiers refer to ETSI EN 304 223 V2.1.1 (2025-12), © ETSI 2025, all rights reserved. ETSI owns the standard; no ETSI text (titles or sentences) is reproduced here. The standard is free to download from ETSI.