Law / Frameworks / NIST AI RMF / Map

NIST AI RMF, MapMAP 3.5

Processes for human oversight are defined, assessed, and documented in accordance with organizational policies from the GOVERN function.NIST AI Risk Management Framework, version 1.0, January 2023 (NIST AI 100-1), MAP 3.5

We read each law below as bearing on this control. That does not mean the control, done well, meets the law: what each law asks is on its own page. Law library as of .

99
laws
83
jurisdictions
1
with court rulings behind it
16
not yet in force
5
proposed, not law

Related controls in other frameworks the same duties, in at least two laws we track, reach both

A law in force is unmarked; the rest wear their state: not yet in force proposed

  • Alabama
  • Albania
  • Andorra
  • Angola
  • Arizona
  • Austria
  • Belize
  • Benin
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Botswana
  • Burkina Faso
  • Cabo Verde
  • California
  • Cambodia
  • Canada
  • Cayman Islands
  • Colorado
  • Côte d'Ivoire
  • Denmark
  • Djibouti
  • Ecuador
  • Estonia
  • Eswatini
  • Ethiopia
  • European Union
  • Gabon
  • Gambia
  • Georgia
  • Ghana
  • Indiana
  • Ireland
  • Italy
  • Jamaica
  • Jordan
  • Kenya
  • Kiribati
  • Kosovo
  • Kyrgyzstan
  • Lesotho
  • Madagascar
  • Mali
  • Maryland
  • Mauritania
  • Mauritius
  • Minnesota
  • Moldova
  • Monaco
  • Morocco
  • Nebraska
  • Nevada
  • New Jersey
  • Niger
  • Nigeria
  • North Macedonia
  • Panama
  • Peru
  • Qatar
  • Republic of the Congo
  • Rhode Island
  • Russia
  • Rwanda
  • San Marino
  • Sao Tome and Principe
  • Senegal
  • Serbia
  • Slovenia
  • Somalia
  • South Africa
  • South Korea
  • Suriname
  • Texas
  • Togo
  • Tonga
  • Uganda
  • Ukraine
  • United Arab Emirates
  • United Kingdom
  • Utah
  • Uzbekistan
  • Vanuatu
  • Vietnam
  • Zambia
  • Zimbabwe

Data subject rights

51 laws, 50 jurisdictions
JurisdictionLawWhat it asks, as read here
Albania Law No. 124/2024, automated decisions

Give a data subject the right not to be subject to a decision based solely on automated processing, including profiling, that produces legal or similarly serious effects, unless a listed exception applies, and where an exception does apply, let them obtain human intervention, express their view, and contest the decision.

Andorra LQPD, automated decisions

Do not subject a data subject to a decision based solely on automated processing, including profiling, that produces legal effects concerning them, unless a listed exception applies and you provide the required safeguards, and never subject a minor to such a decision at all.

Angola Law on the Protection of Personal Data, automated decisions

Do not base a decision that produces legal effects on, or significantly affects, a person solely on automated processing evaluating personal aspects such as their professional capacity, creditworthiness, trustworthiness or conduct, unless it occurs in performing a contract at the data subject's request with safeguards for their legitimate interests, or the APD has authorised it with safeguards.

Benin Loi n°2017-20 portant Code du Numérique en République du Bénin, Livre V, automated decisions

Do not base a decision that produces legal effects for a person, or otherwise significantly affects them, solely on automated processing, including profiling, and disclose the underlying logic and the significance and consequences of such processing when the person asks.

Bosnia and Herzegovina Law on the Protection of Personal Data of Bosnia and Herzegovina, automated decisions

Give a person a right to obtain human intervention and express their view against a decision based solely on automated processing, including profiling, that produces legal effects or similarly significantly affects them, under Article 24.

Botswana Data Protection Act, 2024, automated decisions

Do not base a decision that produces legal effects concerning a person, or significantly affects them, solely on automated processing, including profiling, unless a listed exception applies, and where one does, let the person obtain human intervention, express their point of view, and contest the decision.

Burkina Faso Personal Data Protection Law, automated decisions

Do not base an administrative or private decision assessing a person's behavior solely on automated processing that produces a profile or personality assessment of them.

Cabo Verde Law No. 133/V/2001 on the Protection of Personal Data, automated decisions

Do not base a decision that produces legal effects on, or significantly affects, a person solely on automated processing of their personal data, including profiling, unless the law authorizes it, or the person consents to it in the course of entering into or performing a contract and either their request was satisfied or adequate measures guarantee their legitimate interests and their chance to put their point of view.

Cambodia Cambodia's Draft Law on Personal Data Protection, automated decisions proposed

Give a data subject the right to request human involvement where an automated decision, including profiling, produces a legal effect or similarly affects them, unless the decision is necessary to perform a contract, is authorized by specific legal provisions, or rests on the data subject's own explicit consent.

Côte d'Ivoire Law No. 2013-450 on the Protection of Personal Data, automated decisions

Do not base an administrative or private decision assessing a person's behavior or personality solely on automated processing of their personal data.

Show the other 41 laws
Djibouti Digital Code, Book I: automated individual decision-making

Do not base a decision that produces legal effects on a person, or significantly affects them, solely on automated processing of their personal data, including profiling, unless a statutory or consent-based exception applies with human-intervention, expression and contestation safeguards.

Ecuador LOPDP, automated decisions

Do not make a decision based solely or partly on automated processing, including profiling, that produces legal or similarly significant effects for a data subject, and give heightened protection where the data subject is a child or adolescent.

Eswatini Data Protection Act, 2022, automated decisions

Do not base a decision that has a legal effect on a person, or that significantly affects them, solely on automated processing of their personal information intended to profile their personality or habits, except where taken under a contract at their request or under a law, code or scientific standard with safeguards in place.

Ethiopia Personal Data Protection Proclamation, automated decisions

Give a data subject the right not to be subject to a decision based solely on automated processing, including profiling, that produces legal effects concerning them or significantly affects them.

European Union Consumer Credit Directive, Right to Human Intervention in an Automated Creditworthiness Assessment (Article 18(8)) from , in 6 days

If your creditworthiness assessment involves the use of automated processing of personal data, give the consumer the right to request and obtain human intervention from you (Article 18(8)).

European Union GDPR Article 22, Automated Individual Decision-Making

Do not subject a natural person to a decision based solely on automated processing, including profiling, that produces legal effects or similarly significantly affects them, unless it is necessary to enter into or perform a contract with them, is authorised by a law that itself safeguards their rights, or rests on their explicit consent.

Gabon Law No. 025/2023, automated decisions and profiling

Do not subject a person to a decision based solely on automated processing, including profiling, without letting them oppose it.

Gambia Personal Data Protection and Privacy Act, 2025, automated decision-making from a date not yet set

Do not base a decision that produces legal effects for a person, or otherwise significantly affects them, solely on automated processing, including profiling.

Ghana Data Protection Act, 2012, automated decision-taking

Give a data subject the right to demand that a decision significantly affecting them is not based solely on automated processing of their personal data, and notify them as soon as reasonably practicable when such a decision is taken without a prior notice.

Ireland GDPR Article 22 and Data Protection Act 2018 Section 57, Automated Decision-Making in Ireland

Where a decision based solely on automated processing about a person in Ireland rests on a contract with them or on their explicit consent, put suitable safeguards in place, at least the right to obtain human intervention, to express their point of view and to contest the decision, under GDPR Article 22(3).

Where an Irish enactment authorises or requires a solely automated decision about a person and the decision does not simply grant what they asked for, let them make representations, request human intervention and appeal the decision, and tell them in writing the steps you took and, on appeal, the outcome, under Data Protection Act 2018 section 57.

Kiribati Data Protection Act 2025, automated decisions

Do not subject a data subject to a decision based solely on automated processing of personal data that produces a legal or similarly significant effect on them, unless the decision is necessary to a contract with them, authorised by a law with suitable safeguards, or authorised by their consent.

Kosovo Law No. 06/L-082 on Protection of Personal Data, automated decisions

Do not subject a data subject to a decision based solely on automated processing, including profiling, that produces legal effects or similarly significantly affects them, unless a listed exception applies and you provide the required safeguards, including the right to obtain human intervention.

Lesotho Data Protection Act, 2011, automated decision making

Do not base a decision that has a legal effect on a person, or that significantly affects them, solely on automated processing of their personal information intended to profile their personality or habits, except where taken under a contract at their request or under a law with safeguards in place.

Madagascar Loi n° 2014-038, automated decisions

Do not base an administrative or private decision assessing a person's conduct solely on automated profiling.

Mali Loi n° 2013-015, automated decisions

Do not base a decision producing legal effects for a person solely on an automated processing designed to profile them or evaluate aspects of their personality.

Mauritania Loi n° 2017-020 du 22 juillet 2017, automated decisions

Do not base a decision producing legal effects for a person solely on automated profiling or an automated evaluation of their personality.

Moldova Moldova Law No. 195/2024, automated decisions

Do not subject a person to a decision based solely on automated processing, including profiling, that produces legal effects concerning them or similarly significantly affects them, and where a carve-out applies, give them human intervention, a chance to express their point of view and a way to contest the decision.

Monaco Loi n. 1.565 du 3 décembre 2024, automated decisions

Do not base a decision that produces legal effects for a person or significantly affects them solely on automated processing, including profiling, unless a listed exception applies, and where it does, guarantee at least the right to obtain human intervention, express a view, and contest the decision.

Morocco Law No. 09-08, automated decisions

Do not base a decision producing legal effects on a person solely on automated processing meant to profile them or evaluate an aspect of their personality, except a decision taken in forming or performing a contract where the person could comment, or one that grants the person's own request.

Niger Loi n° 2022-59, automated decisions

Do not base an administrative or private decision assessing a person's behaviour or personality solely on automated processing, unless the person gave explicit consent, it is necessary to enter into or perform a contract with them, or a law or regulation otherwise authorizes it.

Nigeria Nigeria Data Protection Act, 2023 and GAID 2025, automated decisions

Give a data subject the right not to be subject to a decision based solely on automated processes or algorithms.

North Macedonia Law on Personal Data Protection (LPDP), automated individual decision-making

Give a data subject the right not to be subject to a decision based solely on automated processing, including profiling, that produces legal effects concerning them or similarly significantly affects them, under Article 26.

Panama Ley 81 de 2019, automated decisions

Do not subject a data subject to a decision based solely on automated processing of their personal data that produces a negative legal effect or a detriment to a right, unless they consented, the decision is necessary to perform a contract, or a special law authorizes it.

Peru Ley 29733, right to objective processing

Do not base a decision that has legal effects on a person, or significantly affects them, solely on an automated evaluation of their personality or conduct, outside a contractual relationship or a public-entity entry evaluation, and let them state their own view.

Republic of the Congo Law No. 29-2019, automated decisions

Do not base a decision producing legal effects for a person solely on automated processing intended to define their profile or evaluate aspects of their personality, unless the decision arises from concluding or performing a contract on which the person had a chance to comment, or it grants their own request.

Russia Federal Law No. 152-FZ, Article 16, Decisions Based Solely on Automated Processing

Do not make a decision that produces legal consequences for a Russian data subject, or otherwise affects their rights and legitimate interests, solely on the basis of automated processing of their personal data, unless they consented in writing or a federal law that protects their rights provides for it.

Rwanda Law N° 58/2021, automated decisions

Do not subject a data subject to a decision based solely on automated processing, including profiling, that produces legal or other significant consequences for them, unless their explicit consent, contract necessity, or an authorising law with safeguards applies.

San Marino San Marino Law No. 171, automated decisions

Where a decision based solely on automated processing about a person in San Marino rests on a contract with them or on their explicit consent, put appropriate measures in place to safeguard their rights, freedoms and legitimate interests, at least the right to obtain human intervention, to express their point of view and to contest the decision, under Article 22(3) of Law No. 171 of 2018.

Sao Tome and Principe Lei n.º 03/2016, automated decisions

Do not subject a person to a decision that affects their legal situation or affects them significantly based solely on automated processing that assesses their personality, professional capacity, credit, trustworthiness or behavior, unless the decision is taken in connection with a contract and the person's request for the contract has been satisfied or appropriate measures safeguard their legitimate interests, or a law authorizing it establishes measures guaranteeing the data holder's legitimate rights and interests.

Senegal Loi n° 2008-12 du 25 janvier 2008, automated decisions

Do not base a decision producing legal effects for a person solely on automated profiling or an automated evaluation of their personality, except where they had the chance to make observations or the decision grants their own request.

Serbia Law on Personal Data Protection, automated decisions

Do not base a decision producing legal effects or significantly affecting a person solely on automated processing, including profiling, unless it is necessary for a contract with them, authorized by law with adequate safeguards, or based on their explicit consent, and even then give them the right to obtain human intervention, express their view, and contest the decision.

Somalia Data Protection Act, 2023, automated decisions

Do not base a decision that produces legal or similar significant effects on a person solely on automated processing, including profiling, unless a contract, a written law with safeguards, or the person's consent authorises it.

South Africa POPIA, automated decisions

Do not base a decision that has legal or substantially similar consequences for a person solely on automated processing of their personal information, unless the person can make representations about the decision and you have explained the underlying logic of the processing to them.

Suriname Draft Law on the Protection of Privacy and Personal Data, automated decisions proposed

Give a data subject the right not to be subject to a decision based solely on automated processing, including profiling, that produces legal effects for them or otherwise significantly affects them, unless a listed exception applies, and never base such a decision on special categories of personal data unless a narrow exception applies with appropriate safeguards.

Togo Loi n° 2019-014, automated individual decisions

Do not base a decision producing legal effects concerning a person solely on an automated evaluation of their personal characteristics or profile, except a contractual decision on which they could state their views or one granting their own request.

Tonga Privacy Act 2025, automated decisions from a date not yet set

Let a data subject avoid a decision based solely on automated processing.

Uganda Data Protection and Privacy Act, 2019, automated decisions

Do not base a decision that significantly affects a data subject solely on automated processing where they have given written notice against it, and where such a decision is made, notify the data subject and reconsider it within twenty-one days of their written request.

Ukraine Draft Law No. 8153, automated decision making proposed

Do not base a decision that significantly affects a data subject in Ukraine solely on automated processing, including profiling, under Article 25.

United Kingdom Data (Use and Access) Act 2025 Section 80, Automated Decision-Making, UK GDPR Articles 22A-22D

Where you take a significant decision about a person in the United Kingdom based solely on automated processing of their personal data, have safeguards in place that give them information about the decision, let them make representations about it, let them obtain human intervention, and let them contest it, under UK GDPR Article 22C.

Do not take a significant decision based solely on automated processing where your processing for it relies in any part on the recognised legitimate interests basis in UK GDPR Article 6(1)(ea), and base one on special category data only with the person's explicit consent, or where it is necessary for a contract or required or authorised by law and the Article 9(2)(g) substantial public interest condition applies, under UK GDPR Article 22B.

Vanuatu Data Protection and Privacy Act 2024, automated decisions

Do not subject a data subject to a decision based solely on automated processing, including profiling.

Zambia Data Protection Act, 2021, automated decisions

Do not subject a data subject to a decision based solely on automated processing that has legal or similarly significant effects without human intervention.

Where an automated decision rests on a contract, a written law or explicit consent, put suitable safeguards in place, including the right to obtain human intervention, to put a point of view and to contest the decision, and do not process sensitive personal data automatically at all unless the data subject expressly consented, the processing is in the public interest, or a written law permits it with safeguards.

AI sector rules

25 laws, 20 jurisdictions
JurisdictionLawWhat it asks, as read here
Alabama SB 63 (2026), Artificial Intelligence in Health Insurance Prior Authorization

Have a licensed physician or other health care professional competent to evaluate the artificial intelligence's recommendation make the final determination to deny, delay, or modify a prior-authorization request based on medical necessity.

Arizona Denial of claims; individualized review requirement

If you are a health care insurer, do not deny a claim submitted by a provider on the basis of medical necessity without a medical director individually reviewing the denial and exercising independent medical judgment.

The reviewing medical director may not rely solely on recommendations from any other source, including an automated or AI-assisted recommendation, in making that individualized review.

Austria Verbraucherkreditgesetz 2026 (VKrG 2026), Personalized Offers and Automated Creditworthiness Assessment (Sections 13 and 17(5)) from , in 6 days

If you are a lender and your creditworthiness assessment involves automated processing of personal data, let the consumer demand and obtain human intervention on your side: give clear and comprehensible explanations of the assessment, including the logic and risks of the automated processing, let the consumer state his or her own view, and review the assessment and the decision to grant the credit when the consumer asks (section 17(5)).

California Attorney, Court Filing and Arbitrator Generative AI Duties (SB 574) from , in 7 weeks

Take reasonable steps to verify the accuracy of generative AI outputs, including all case and statutory citations, and to correct any erroneous or hallucinated output in any material you use

Do not file a brief, pleading, motion, or other paper in any court that contains a citation you have not personally verified, including a citation provided by generative AI

California Employment Automated Decision Systems Act (SB 947) from , in 8 months

Do not rely solely on an automated decision system when making a disciplinary or termination decision

If you primarily rely on an automated decision system's output to make a disciplinary or termination decision, direct a human to corroborate the decision using the data collected or used to produce the output or other relevant supporting information, and do not use the output if it cannot be corroborated or the reviewer finds it inaccurate, incomplete, or misleading

California Health Care Services Artificial Intelligence Act (AB 1979) from , in 7 weeks

Take reasonable steps to ensure that a licensed health care provider, acting within their scope of practice, keeps the ability to exercise independent professional judgment whenever a patient's care is informed by the output of a clinical decision support system

Canada CSA Staff Notice 31-342, guidance for portfolio managers regarding online advice

CSA staff say an advising representative remains responsible for determining that sufficient know your client information has been gathered to support suitability determinations, and for ensuring that the model portfolio the software proposes for the client is in fact suitable for the client.

Colorado HB 26-1195 (2026), Psychotherapy Artificial Intelligence Restrictions

Do not allow an AI system to interact with a client in any form of therapeutic communication unless the regulated professional, the AI system and the client interact synchronously in real time, and do not let it generate therapeutic recommendations or treatment plans without the professional's review and approval

Denmark Lov nr. 1322 af 20. november 2025, Credit Agreements Act Section 7 c(9) to (11), Human Intervention in Automated Creditworthiness Assessment from , in 6 days

If you are a creditor and your creditworthiness assessment uses automatic processing of personal data, let the consumer request and obtain human intervention: give a clear and comprehensible explanation of the assessment, including the logic and risks of the automatic processing and its effect on the decision, let the consumer express a view, and review the assessment and the credit decision when the consumer asks (Credit Agreements Act, section 7 c(9)).

Estonia Võlaõigusseadus Section 55^2, Explanations to Consumers and Human Intervention in Online Financial Services

If you communicate with the consumer only through online means, let the consumer demand that a human intervene, and ensure that human intervention before the contract is concluded and, in justified cases, after it, in the language used for the pre-contractual information (section 55^2(2)).

Show the other 15 laws
European Union Anti-Money-Laundering Regulation, Human Oversight of AI-Generated Information Shared in Partnerships for Information Sharing (Article 75(4), Point (g)) from , in 8 months

Share information generated through the use of artificial intelligence, machine learning technologies or algorithms within the partnership only where those processes were subject to adequate human oversight (Article 75(4), point (g)).

European Union Consumer Rights Directive, Adequate Explanations and Human Intervention in Online Tools for Distance Financial Services Contracts (Article 16d)

If you use online tools, let the consumer request and obtain human intervention at the pre-contractual stage and, in justified cases, after the distance contract is concluded, in the same language as the pre-contractual information (Article 16d(3)).

European Union EBA Guidelines on loan origination and monitoring (EBA/GL/2020/06), automated models and model governance

Institutions should have in place control mechanisms, model overrides and escalation procedures within the regular credit decision-making framework, including qualitative approaches, qualitative risk assessment tools (including expert judgment and critical analysis) and quantitative limits (paragraph 54(d)).

Georgia Private Review Agent Artificial Intelligence Coverage Determinations Act (SB 444) from , in 7 weeks

Do not let such a system issue an adverse coverage determination on its own; have a natural person qualifying as a private review agent or utilization review entity conduct the utilization review, with a clinical peer participating, before any adverse determination issues.

Do not let the system supersede the clinical peer's judgment.

Italy Decreto Legislativo 179/2026 Art. 41, Employer Decisions Assisted by AI Systems (Final Decisions Reserved to a Person)

If you use AI systems in decisions about the employment relationship, do not take the final decision to create, change or end it, including a disciplinary measure or a performance evaluation, solely on automated processing, and reserve it to a natural person with effective and autonomous power.

Do not rely on the worker's consent to take such a final decision solely on automated processing.

Jordan Central Bank of Jordan Artificial Intelligence Framework for the Banking Sector, Version 1.0

The CBJ expects human-in-the-loop and human-on-the-loop mechanisms in proportion to the criticality and risk of each AI system, direct human oversight and intervention for critical systems, fallback procedures or human review, and contingency strategies including a kill switch (sections 5.2 and 5.4).

Mauritius FSC Fintech Series Guidance Notes 4, responsible use of artificial intelligence in financial services

It reaches you if you are licensed by the Financial Services Commission of Mauritius as an insurer, a wealth manager or another non-bank financial institution (NBFI): the Commission says that, in accordance with section 38 of the Data Protection Act 2017, you are required to ensure that data subjects are informed that automated decision-making processes exist, that meaningful information is provided on their logic, criteria and significance, and that individuals can obtain human intervention, express their views and contest the outcome.

The Commission advises you to include human oversight in critical decision-making processes and to define clearly who is responsible for an AI system across its entire life cycle, without changing the supervisory expectations that already apply to your governance.

Minnesota Utilization Review, AI-Only Adverse Determination Prohibition from , in 7 weeks

If you are a utilization review organization, do not use automated processing alone, without a clinician review by an appropriate health professional, to make an adverse determination on a health care service, admission, or extension of stay.

Nevada AB 406 (2025), licensed provider restriction on direct clinical use of AI

Independently review the accuracy of any report, data or other information an AI system compiles, summarizes, analyzes or generates for those administrative purposes.

New Jersey Insurer use of artificial intelligence in denying homeowners, automobile, and flood claims (A5494) proposed

If you are an insurer in the business of homeowners, flood, or automobile insurance in New Jersey, do not use artificial intelligence to make the final decision to deny a claim filed under an automobile, homeowners, or flood insurance policy.

Qatar Qatar Central Bank Artificial Intelligence Guideline

A QCB-regulated entity deploying a High-Risk AI system must maintain an AI system register, adopt an AI governance policy, conduct risk and bias assessments, and provide human oversight of the system's decisions.

Texas S.B. 1188 (2025), AI diagnostic disclosure duty in electronic health records

If you are a health care practitioner using AI for diagnostic purposes, including AI-generated recommendations on a diagnosis or course of treatment, stay within the scope of your license, do not use AI in a way state or federal law otherwise restricts, and review all AI-created records consistent with Texas Medical Board standards.

Texas S.B. 815 (2025), utilization review agent ban on automated decision systems for adverse determinations

If you are a utilization review agent, do not use an automated decision system, including one that incorporates an AI system, to make an adverse determination wholly or partly; an algorithm, AI system or automated decision system may still be used for administrative support or fraud detection.

United Arab Emirates Guidance Note on the Consumer Protection and Responsible Adoption and Use of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning by Licensed Financial Institutions in the U.A.E.

Keep AI and ML systems under meaningful human oversight and judgement, particularly for decisions with significant implications for consumers, set the level of human involvement by the risk to the consumer, and use operation without direct human involvement only for low-risk, non-material processes with appropriate controls in place (Sections 7(a) and 7(b)).

Let consumers request human review or an explanation of AI generated decisions, make alternative arrangements available where a customer does not wish to be subject to an AI decision, inform consumers of their right to challenge decisions and correct inaccurate data inputs that affect AI, and maintain clear and accessible channels for complaints and redress in line with Article 8 of the Consumer Protection Regulation (Section 7(c)).

Utah Health Insurance Preauthorization AI Disclosure (SB 319, 2026 General Session) from , in 7 weeks

Base an adverse preauthorization determination on clinical or medical necessity on independent medical judgment, not solely on a recommendation from any other source

AI risk obligations

14 laws, 10 jurisdictions
JurisdictionLawWhat it asks, as read here
Colorado HB 26-1139 (2026), Use of Artificial Intelligence in Health Care from , in 7 weeks

Ensure that an AI system used for utilization review makes determinations based on the patient's medical or clinical history, individual clinical circumstances and other relevant clinical factors, with any denial of coverage reviewed by a licensed clinician, physician or other competent regulated professional

As a carrier, do not issue a denial of coverage based in whole or in part on medical necessity solely on the output of an AI system without human review by a licensed clinician, physician or other competent regulated professional

European Union AI Act, Article 14 (human oversight) from , in 13 months

If you are the provider of a high-risk AI system, design and develop it, including its human-machine interface, so that a natural person can effectively oversee it while it is in use.

Build oversight measures proportionate to the system's risks, autonomy and context of use, either into the system itself before it is placed on the market or put into service, or as measures you identify for the deployer to implement.

+1 more
European Union AI Act, Article 26(10) (post-remote biometric identification authorisation) from , in 13 months

Do not take, or let a law enforcement authority take, any decision producing an adverse legal effect on a person based solely on the system's output.

European Union AI Act, Articles 60 and 61 (testing in real world conditions outside AI regulatory sandboxes, with informed consent)

Make sure the testing is effectively overseen by you and by deployers or prospective deployers through persons who are suitably qualified in the relevant field and have the necessary capacity, training and authority, and that the predictions, recommendations or decisions of the system can be effectively reversed and disregarded (Article 60(4), points (j) and (k)).

Indiana Downcoding of Health Benefits Claims, automated and AI decision-making (House Enrolled Act 1271, 2026)

Do not use an automated process, system, or tool, including artificial intelligence, as the sole basis to downcode a health benefits claim based on medical necessity, unless an employee or contractor has first reviewed the covered individual's medical record

Italy Codice Penale Art. 437-bis, Omitted Safety Measures in High-Risk AI Systems and Unlawful Alteration of Them

Adopt the technical safety measures provided for the design, training, production and placing on the market of high-risk AI systems, suited to prevent malfunctions or alterations of how the systems work, and adopt human-oversight measures, where omitting them would endanger life or public or individual safety, or the security of the State (Codice Penale art. 437-bis, first paragraph).

If you are a professional user of a high-risk AI system, do not deliberately omit human-oversight measures where the omission would endanger life or public or individual safety, or the security of the State (Codice Penale art. 437-bis, last paragraph).

Italy Decreto Legislativo 160/2026, After-the-Fact Facial Recognition Integrated in Video Surveillance (Art. 10)

Do not base a decision with adverse legal effects on the person concerned solely on facial-recognition results, and do not use the systems in an untargeted way or for generalised or indiscriminate biometric identification (art. 10, commi 10 and 11).

Italy Decreto Legislativo 160/2026, Police Use of AI Systems: Human Review, Oversight, Collaborations, Sandbox Basis and Training (Artt. 3-6, 21)

If you are a police force, have qualified staff review the results of automatic processing before they are used in acts and measures affecting a person's legal position, and document the review so that it can be traced (art. 3, comma 4).

If you are a police force, ensure that human oversight of a high-risk AI system is effective and meets Article 14 of Regulation (EU) 2024/1689, with staff who have the necessary competence and training (art. 3, comma 5).

Kenya Artificial Intelligence Bill, 2026, high-risk system obligations proposed

Conduct a risk assessment and a human-rights impact assessment before deploying a high-risk system, and maintain human oversight of it.

Kyrgyzstan Digital Code, Chapter 23: AI system design and risk-management obligations

A user of such a heightened-risk system must operate it per its instructions, keep the data it processes relevant, maintain effective human oversight and resourcing, immediately suspend use and notify the owner once it has grounds to believe use as instructed could cause harm to a protected interest, keep operating logs, and comply with a regulator's suspension order or a final court order to stop using the system.

Show the other 4 laws
Maryland HB 820 / Ch. 747 (2025), Artificial Intelligence in Health Insurance Utilization Review

Keep a health care provider in the determination process; the tool may not replace that role.

Nebraska Ensuring Transparency in Prior Authorization Act, artificial-intelligence utilization review restriction

Do not let an artificial intelligence-based algorithm be the sole basis of a decision to deny, delay, or modify a health care service based, in whole or in part, on medical necessity.

South Korea AI Framework Act, Article 34 (business-operator duties for high-impact AI)

Provide human management and supervision of your high-impact AI.

Uzbekistan Law on Informatization, use of artificial intelligence in information resources and systems

Where the app's output feeds a legally significant decision affecting a person's rights or freedoms, the decision may not rest exclusively on the AI-based resource's or system's conclusions.

AI transparency

4 laws, 4 jurisdictions
JurisdictionLawWhat it asks, as read here
Belize Practice Direction No. 18 of 2025, ethical use of generative AI in court proceedings

Disclose when AI-generated content is used in a court submission, and independently verify any AI-generated legal research before relying on it.

Jamaica Practice Direction No. 1 of 2025, Use of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Court Proceedings

Declare, in the prescribed form, whenever any part of a document submitted to a Jamaican court was prepared with the assistance of generative AI, and have that content thoroughly reviewed, verified, and approved before submission.

Do not rely on generative AI output without independently confirming the validity of any case law, statutory provision, or authority it cites.

Rhode Island Use of Artificial Intelligence by Healthcare Providers Notification Act

Review AI-generated visit documentation for accuracy after the visit.

Slovenia Media Act (ZMed-1), Articles 66 and 67, Labelling of AI-Generated Media Content and Publisher Responsibility

Check the accuracy of the statements and data in AI-generated content you publish and its compliance with the Act and other laws, because the publisher is responsible for them (Article 67).

AI prohibited practices

2 laws, 2 jurisdictions
JurisdictionLawWhat it asks, as read here
Italy Decreto Legislativo 160/2026, Police Biometric AI: Dataset Labelling and Real-Time Remote Identification (Artt. 7-9, 13)

If you are a police force, label, filter or categorise lawfully acquired biometric datasets only on the four conditions in article 7, comma 1, including that the result is not the sole basis of a decision producing legal effects on natural persons.

Vietnam Law on Artificial Intelligence, prohibited practices

Do not obstruct, disable, or distort the human-oversight mechanisms this Law requires over your AI system.

Comprehensive regime

2 laws, 2 jurisdictions
JurisdictionLawWhat it asks, as read here
Belize Data Protection Act 2021, comprehensive regime from a date not yet set

Do not base a decision solely on automated processing, including profiling, that produces a legal or similarly significant effect on a person, unless a contract, an authorising enactment with safeguards, or the person's consent applies, and never for sensitive personal data outside the public interest.

Cayman Islands Data Protection Act 2021 Revision, application, principles and data subject rights

Do not base a decision that significantly affects a data subject solely on automated processing of their personal data without notifying them and honouring a request to reconsider.

Sensitive categories

1 law, 1 jurisdiction
JurisdictionLawWhat it asks, as read here
Zimbabwe Cyber and Data Protection Regulations 2024, children's information and automated decisions

Obtain the consent of a parent or legal guardian before processing a child's personal information, and do not subject a child's data to automated decision-making that affects the child's rights.

Do not subject any data subject to a decision based solely on automated processing which produces legal effects concerning them, without their consent or a provision established by law.

Full text of the NIST AI Risk Management Framework, public domain (a US government work). Every control of the framework.