Law / Frameworks / NIST CSF 2.0 / Identify

NIST CSF 2.0, IdentifyID.AM-08

Systems, hardware, software, services, and data are managed throughout their life cyclesNIST Cybersecurity Framework, version 2.0, February 2024 (NIST CSWP 29), ID.AM-08

We read each law below as bearing on this control. That does not mean the control, done well, meets the law: what each law asks is on its own page. Law library as of .

54
laws
45
jurisdictions
2
with court rulings behind them
2
not yet in force

Related controls in other frameworks the same duties, in at least two laws we track, reach both

A law in force is unmarked; the rest wear their state: not yet in force

  • Alabama
  • Alaska
  • Argentina
  • Arizona
  • Cabo Verde
  • California
  • Cameroon
  • Colorado
  • Connecticut
  • Eswatini
  • Ethiopia
  • Finland
  • Florida
  • Georgia
  • Germany
  • Hawaii
  • Illinois
  • Indiana
  • Kansas
  • Kuwait
  • Lesotho
  • Louisiana
  • Maryland
  • Michigan
  • Montana
  • Nebraska
  • New Jersey
  • New Mexico
  • North Carolina
  • North Dakota
  • Oklahoma
  • Oregon
  • Paraguay
  • Peru
  • Rhode Island
  • Rwanda
  • Saint Kitts and Nevis
  • Tennessee
  • Texas
  • Tunisia
  • Uganda
  • United States
  • Utah
  • Vermont

Security baseline statutes

25 laws, 25 jurisdictions
JurisdictionLawWhat it asks, as read here
Alabama Data Breach Notification Act, reasonable security measures and disposal of records

Take reasonable measures to dispose, or arrange for the disposal, of records containing sensitive personally identifying information within its custody or control once the records are no longer to be retained, by shredding, erasing, or otherwise modifying the information to make it unreadable or undecipherable through any reasonable means consistent with industry standards.

Alaska Alaska Personal Information Protection Act, disposal of records duty

When disposing of records containing personal information, take all reasonable measures necessary to protect against unauthorized access to or use of the records, including burning, pulverizing, or shredding paper documents and destroying or erasing electronic and nonpaper media so the personal information cannot practicably be read or reconstructed.

Adopt written policies and procedures relating to the adequate destruction and proper disposal of records containing personal information.

Arizona Discarding and disposing of records containing personal identifying information

Redact that personal identifying information, or destroy the paper record or document, before discarding or disposing of it. This duty reaches paper records and documents only; it states no separate duty over electronic data.

Colorado Disposal of personal identifying information, written policy duty

Develop a written policy for the destruction or proper disposal of paper and electronic documents containing personal identifying information, and, once those documents are no longer needed, destroy or arrange for their destruction by shredding, erasing, or otherwise modifying the personal identifying information to make it unreadable or indecipherable.

Connecticut Protection of Social Security Numbers and Personal Information Act, safeguarding and destruction duty

Safeguard the data, computer files and documents containing that personal information from misuse by third parties, and destroy, erase or make them unreadable before disposal.

Florida Florida Information Protection Act, data security and disposal duty

Take all reasonable measures to dispose, or arrange for the disposal, of customer records containing personal information within your custody or control once the records are no longer to be retained, by shredding, erasing, or otherwise modifying the personal information to make it unreadable or undecipherable through any means.

Georgia Disposal of records containing personal information

Shred the record, erase the personal information, modify the record to make the personal information unreadable, or take other action you reasonably believe will ensure that no unauthorized person will have access to the personal information, before discarding or disposing of a customer's record. Personal information here is personally identifiable data about a customer's medical condition, account or credit balance, information supplied on opening an account or applying for credit, or a tax return, combined with an identifier such as a Social Security number, driver identification number, or date of birth.

Hawaii Destruction of Personal Information Records

Take reasonable measures to protect against unauthorized access to or use of personal information in connection with or after its disposal.

Implement and monitor compliance with policies and procedures that require papers containing personal information to be burned, pulverized, recycled, or shredded, and electronic or other nonpaper media containing personal information to be destroyed or erased, so the information cannot practicably be read or reconstructed.

+1 more
Illinois Personal Information Protection Act, safe disposal of personal information

Dispose of paper records containing personal information by redacting, burning, pulverizing, or shredding them, and destroy or erase electronic media containing personal information, so the information cannot practicably be read or reconstructed.

Indiana Disclosure of Security Breach Act, data base owner's duty to maintain reasonable security procedures and dispose of records

Do not dispose of or abandon records or documents containing unencrypted and unredacted personal information of Indiana residents without shredding, incinerating, mutilating, erasing, or otherwise rendering the information illegible or unusable.

Show the other 15 laws
Kansas Kansas Consumer Protection Act, reasonable security and records-destruction duty for holders of personal information

Unless a federal law or regulation requires otherwise, destroy or arrange for the destruction of records containing personal information once you no longer intend to maintain or possess them, by shredding, erasing, or otherwise rendering the personal information unreadable or undecipherable.

Kuwait Data Classification Policy

Transfer or remove Tier 3 and Tier 4 data from a data center's or server's storage before decommissioning that equipment.

Louisiana Database Security Breach Notification Law, reasonable security procedures and destruction duty

Take all reasonable steps to destroy or arrange for the destruction of records containing personal information no longer to be retained, by shredding, erasing, or otherwise modifying the information to make it unreadable or undecipherable.

Maryland Maryland Personal Information Protection Act (MPIPA), safeguards and secure-disposal duty

When destroying a customer's, an employee's, or a former employee's records containing personal information, take reasonable steps to protect against unauthorized access to or use of that information, weighing the sensitivity of the records, the size of the business, the cost of different destruction methods, and available technology.

Michigan Identity Theft Protection Act, destruction of data no longer needed

Destroy, or arrange for the destruction of, any data containing personal information about an individual once that data is removed from the database and is not being retained elsewhere for a purpose state or federal law does not prohibit; retaining the data for an investigation, audit, or internal review does not violate this duty. Destroy the data by shredding, erasing, or otherwise modifying it so it cannot be read, deciphered, or reconstructed through generally available means.

Montana Impediment of Identity Theft, record destruction duty

Take all reasonable steps to destroy, or arrange for the destruction of, a customer's records containing personal information once they are no longer necessary to be retained, by shredding, erasing, or otherwise modifying the personal information in those records to make it unreadable or undecipherable.

Nebraska Financial Data Protection and Consumer Notification of Data Security Breach Act, security procedures and practices duty

Implement and maintain reasonable security procedures and practices appropriate to the nature and sensitivity of the personal information held and to the nature, size, and resources of the business and its operations, including safeguards that protect the information when it is disposed of.

New Jersey Identity Theft Prevention Act, methods of destruction of customer records

Destroy, or arrange for the destruction of, a customer's records containing personal information once they are no longer retained, by shredding, erasing, or otherwise modifying the personal information to make it unreadable, undecipherable, or non-reconstructable through generally available means.

New Mexico Data Breach Notification Act, security and disposal duties

Arrange for proper disposal, shredding, erasing, or otherwise rendering the information unreadable or undecipherable, of records containing personal identifying information once they are no longer reasonably needed for business purposes.

North Carolina Identity Theft Protection Act, destruction of personal information records

Take reasonable measures to protect against unauthorized access to or use of personal information in connection with or after its disposal: burn, pulverize, or shred paper records, and destroy or erase electronic and other nonpaper media, so the information cannot practicably be read or reconstructed, under written policies that describe the destruction procedure and are monitored for compliance.

Oregon Oregon Consumer Information Protection Act, requirement to develop safeguards for personal information

Develop, implement and maintain reasonable administrative, technical and physical safeguards to protect the security, confidentiality and integrity of personal information, including its secure disposal.

Rhode Island Identity Theft Protection Act of 2015, risk-based information security program

Do not retain personal information longer than reasonably required to provide the requested services, meet the purpose for which it was collected, or comply with a written retention policy or a legal requirement; destroy it securely, for example by shredding, pulverization, incineration, or erasure, regardless of the medium it is stored in.

Texas Identity Theft Enforcement and Protection Act, business duty to protect sensitive personal information

Destroy or arrange for the destruction of customer records containing sensitive personal information no longer to be retained, by shredding, erasing, or otherwise modifying the information to make it unreadable or indecipherable through any means.

Utah Protection of Personal Information Act, reasonable procedures and records-destruction duty

Destroy, or arrange for the destruction of, records containing personal information that are not to be retained, by the method the section specifies.

Vermont Document Safe Destruction Act, safe destruction of records containing personal information

Take all reasonable steps to destroy or arrange for the destruction of a customer's records containing personal information once the business no longer retains them, by shredding, erasing or otherwise modifying the information to make it unreadable or indecipherable through any means.

An entity in the business of disposing of personal financial information on another business's behalf must implement and monitor policies and procedures that protect against unauthorized access to or use of the information during and after its collection, transportation and disposal.

Adult content age verification (AV)

10 laws, 9 jurisdictions
JurisdictionLawWhat it asks, as read here
Arizona HB2112, internet pornography, minors, age verification

Do not retain identifying information.

Georgia SB 351 (2024), commercial entity age verification for material harmful to minors

Do not retain identifying information after access is granted.

Indiana SB 17 (2024), age verification for adult oriented websites

Do not retain a user's identifying information after verification.

Louisiana Act 440 (HB 142), age verification for material harmful to minors

Do not retain any identifying information of the individual after access has been granted to the material; this binds a third party that performs the age verification as well.

Montana SB 544, Revise Internet Laws Related to Material Harmful to Minors

Do not retain identifying information after verification.

North Carolina HB 8, Pornography Age Verification Enforcement (PAVE) Act

Do not retain identifying information after access is granted.

North Dakota HB 1561, age verification for sexual material harmful to minors

Do not retain identifying information after access is granted; this binds a third party performing verification as well.

North Dakota SB 2380, age verification for sexual material harmful to minors (companion to HB 1561)

Do not retain identifying information after access is granted.

Oklahoma SB 1959, age verification for material harmful to minors

Do not retain a user's identifying information after access is granted.

Tennessee Protect Tennessee Minors Act (SB 1792/HB 1614, 2024 Tenn. Pub. Acts ch. 1021)

Retain seven years of anonymized age verification data.

Do not retain personally identifying information.

Comprehensive regime

10 laws, 10 jurisdictions
JurisdictionLawWhat it asks, as read here
Argentina Ley 25.326, Ley de Protección de los Datos Personales

As a data-processing service provider acting for another party, use the personal data only for the purpose stated in the service contract, do not disclose it to others, and destroy it once the contracted service ends unless further engagements are reasonably expected, in which case you may keep it securely for up to two years.

Eswatini Data Protection Act, 2022 (Act No. 5 of 2022)

Destroy, delete or de-identify a record of personal information as soon as reasonably practicable after you are no longer authorised to retain it, in a manner that prevents its reconstruction.

Ethiopia Personal Data Protection Proclamation

Destroy personal data as soon as is reasonably practicable once the purpose for storing it has lapsed, in a manner that prevents its reconstruction in an intelligible form, and tell any data processor holding the data to do the same.

Finland Act on the Protection of Privacy in Working Life, Sections 15 to 17, Genetic Testing and Camera Surveillance of Employees

Destroy recordings as soon as they are no longer needed for the purpose of the surveillance and at the latest one year after the recording ends, subject to the exceptions in Section 17, paragraph 3 (Section 17, paragraph 3).

Lesotho Data Protection Act, 2011 (Act No. 5 of 2012)

Destroy, delete or de-identify a record of personal information as soon as reasonably practicable after you are no longer authorised to retain it, in a manner that prevents its reconstruction.

Peru Ley 29733, Ley de Protección de Datos Personales

As a processor handling personal data under contract for a third party, use it only for the purpose the contract states, do not transfer it to anyone else, and delete it once the contract is performed unless the data bank's owner authorized retaining it against a likely further engagement.

Rwanda Law relating to the Protection of Personal Data and Privacy

Retain personal data only until the purpose of processing is fulfilled unless a listed ground extends retention, and destroy it in a manner that prevents reconstruction once the retention period ends.

Saint Kitts and Nevis Data Protection Act, 2018 from a date not yet set

Do not keep personal data longer than the purpose requires, and take reasonable steps to destroy or permanently delete it once no longer needed.

Tunisia Organic Act on the Protection of Personal Data

Destroy personal data once its declared or authorized retention period expires, its purpose is achieved, or it is no longer useful to your activity, by a bailiff's report made with an INPDP-appointed expert.

Uganda Data Protection and Privacy Act, 2019, comprehensive personal-data regime

Retain personal data no longer than necessary for the purpose collected, and destroy, delete or de-identify it at the expiry of the retention period in a manner that prevents its reconstruction.

Sensitive categories

4 laws, 4 jurisdictions
JurisdictionLawWhat it asks, as read here
California AB 1159 (2026), student personal information (KOPIPA, ELPIPA and the Higher Education Student Information Protection Act) from , in 7 weeks

Retain covered information only as long as reasonably necessary for the purpose it was collected, and keep a written data retention policy, available on request to a pupil, parent, guardian, education rights holder or K-12 personnel, stating the purposes, the retention purpose and a deletion timeframe (Section 22584(d)(4), (5)).

Germany Health Data Use Act (GDNG) Sections 1 and 6 to 9, Secondary Use and Protection of Health Data

If you operate a health care facility that further processes health data it stores lawfully under GDPR Article 9(2)(h) or (i) for quality assurance, patient safety, research or statistics, pseudonymize the data, anonymize it as soon as the purpose allows, and delete it no later than 30 years after the further processing began (GDNG Section 6, paragraph 1).

Ontario Personal Health Information Protection Act, 2004, custodian and agent duties: consent, safeguards, information practices and marketing

Retain, transfer and dispose of records of personal health information in a secure manner and in accordance with the prescribed requirements.

Paraguay Ley N° 6534/2020, de Protección de Datos Personales Crediticios

Provide credit-reference services only as a credit-information company (a Buró de Información Crediticia) authorized by the Banco Central del Paraguay, supply them only to the identified users article 14 lists, keep credit data lawful, accurate, complete and up to date, retain it for no more than five years from the recorded event unless a special rule sets another period or the parties agree a shorter one, and protect it with security measures and a duty of secrecy.

Enforcement supervision

3 laws, 3 jurisdictions
JurisdictionLawWhat it asks, as read here
Cabo Verde Law No. 133/V/2001 on the Protection of Personal Data, enforcement and supervision

Interrupt, cease or block processing once notified to do so, cooperate with a CNPD request, and erase or destroy personal data once notified or once its retention period under Article 6 has elapsed, on pain of the penalty for qualified disobedience.

Cameroon Loi n°2010/012 du 21 décembre 2010 relative à la cybersécurité et à la cybercriminalité au Cameroun, article 74 (atteinte à la vie privée et traitement illicite des données à caractère personnel)

Do not retain nominative or encrypted personal data beyond the legal duration stated in the request for opinion or prior declaration for the processing, and do not disclose nominative data in a way that harms the person it concerns.

Ontario Personal Health Information Protection Act, 2004, offences and damages for breach of privacy

Do not wilfully collect, use or disclose personal health information in contravention of the Act or its regulations, and do not wilfully dispose of a record in contravention of the secure disposal duty.

Biometric privacy

1 law, 1 jurisdiction
JurisdictionLawWhat it asks, as read here
Illinois Biometric Information Privacy Act (BIPA)

Publish a written, publicly available policy establishing a retention schedule, and permanently destroy biometric identifiers and biometric information within 3 years of the individual's last interaction or when the collection purpose is satisfied, whichever occurs first.

Sector security regimes

1 law, 1 jurisdiction
JurisdictionLawWhat it asks, as read here
United States Sarbanes-Oxley Act section 802: retention of audit and review workpapers and records by an accountant who audits an issuer

Maintain all audit or review workpapers for 5 years from the end of the fiscal period in which the audit or review was concluded (section 1520(a)(1)).

Retain for seven years after you conclude the audit or review (Rule 2-06) the records relevant to it, including workpapers and other documents that form the basis of the audit or review, and the memoranda, correspondence, communications, other documents and records, including electronic records, that you create, send or receive in connection with it and that contain conclusions, opinions, analyses, or financial data related to it.

+1 more

Full text of the NIST Cybersecurity Framework, public domain (a US government work). Every control of the framework.