Trains models, in Switzerland

Federal Act against Unfair Competition (UWG/LCD), SR 241, Art. 2, 5 lit. c, 23 · Read the law's page

• Do not take over and exploit, through a technical reproduction process, another person's market-ready work product without a reasonable effort of your own.
• Intentional conduct that meets this or the Act's other unfair-competition grounds is prosecuted on complaint and can carry a custodial sentence or a monetary penalty, in addition to any civil claim.

Federal Act on Copyright and Related Rights (URG), exclusive rights, SR 231.1, Arts. 2 and 10 · Read the law's page

• You need the author's permission to use a work: the author has the exclusive right to decide whether, when and how the work is used (Art. 10(1)).
• Do not produce copies of a work, offer, transfer or otherwise distribute copies of it, or make it available so that persons may access it from a place and at a time individually chosen by them, without the author's permission (Art. 10(2)(a), (b) and (c)).
• Treat a computer program as a work protected by copyright (Art. 2(3)), and do not rent one out without the author's permission, because the author of a computer program also has the exclusive rental right (Art. 10(3)).

Swiss Criminal Code (StGB/CP/CP), SR 311.0, Art. 143, 143bis, 144bis · Read the law's page

• Do not defeat a security measure to obtain unauthorised access to a data processing system, knowing the access is unauthorised.
• Reading a public, unauthenticated page without defeating any access control has not itself been held to violate these provisions.
• Do not obtain specially secured data not intended for you for your own or another's unlawful gain, and do not alter, delete or render unusable data stored or transmitted electronically without authority.

Federal Act on Copyright and Related Rights (URG/LDA), SR 231.1, Art. 24d · Read the law's page

• Reproduction of a work for scientific research is permitted only where the copying is due to the use of a technical process and the work can be lawfully accessed; this ground does not extend to copying computer programs. This is narrower than a general text-and-data-mining exception: training a model on scraped copyrighted text rests on this ground only where a genuine scientific-research purpose is met, whether or not the researcher operates commercially, and training pursued for a purpose other than scientific research falls outside it.
• A quotation from a published work is permitted only as an explanation, reference or illustration, to the extent justified for that purpose, with the source and author named.