Copyright Act (1970), Quotation Exception
Act on Protection of Authors, Composers and Artists Rights, 1970, Art. 7 (quotation exception)
In force.
A snippet reproduction rule binding public and private bodies.
What it requires
- You may quote from a published work and refer to it without permission, but only for literary, scientific, technical or educational purposes and in criticism or praise, and only if you name the source of the quotation and observe the customary limitations (Article 7).
- Do not rely on Article 7 for news reporting, press summaries, commentary on current events or text-and-data-mining or automated processing: its list is closed and names none of them apart from criticism or praise.
- Do not publish, distribute or broadcast the whole or part of another person's protected work without permission, or under a false attribution: Article 23 makes that an offence.
These lines are LexLint's reading of the law's text.
In the frameworks
- NIST AI RMF
- MAP 4.1Approaches for mapping AI technology and legal risks of its components – including the use of third-party data or software – are in place, followed, and documented, as are risks of infringement of a third party’s intellectual property or other rights.
Our reading of where this law's duties sit in each framework. It never says that running a control meets the law. How we read a framework against the law
If you get it wrong
Criminal exposureYes
Criminal exposure note
Publishing, distributing or broadcasting the whole or part of a protected work without permission, or under a false attribution, is corrective imprisonment of six months to three years (Art. 23), which is the exposure a reproduction outside Article 7's closed quotation list would face.
What this law does
Article 7 permits quoting from a published work and referring to it, but only for literary, scientific, technical or educational purposes, and in criticism or praise, provided the source of the quotation is named and the customary limitations are observed; a note excuses naming the source only where a teacher reproduces the work for non-commercial classroom use.
The list is closed and names no general news-reporting, press-summary or commentary-on-current-events category distinct from criticism or praise, and no text-and-data-mining or automated-processing purpose.
Article 23 makes publishing, distributing or broadcasting the whole or part of another person's protected work without permission, or under a false attribution, an offence carrying corrective imprisonment of six months to three years, which is the penalty a reproduction falling outside Article 7's closed list would face. The Act's text sets no commencement day of its own, and no Official Gazette notice stating the day it came into force has been located.
When LexLint raises it
When your app profile says your app reuses other publishers' content.
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