BahrainCopyright Law, Database Compilation Protection
Law No. 22 of 2006, Arts. 3-4 (Database Compilation)
In force.
A database right rule binding public and private bodies.
- Enforcement body
- Bahraini courts, on a rightful owner's civil action or a criminal complaint
- Audit expectation
- none
What it requires
- An app scraping a database from a Bahraini source may freely take the underlying facts or data themselves, but copying the compiler's creative selection or arrangement of that database's contents is copyright infringement if done without authorization.
These lines are LexLint's reading of the law's text.
In the frameworks
- NIST AI RMF
- MAP 4.1Approaches for mapping AI technology and legal risks of its components – including the use of third-party data or software – are in place, followed, and documented, as are risks of infringement of a third party’s intellectual property or other rights.
Our reading of where this law's duties sit in each framework. It never says that running a control meets the law. How we read a framework against the law
If you get it wrong
Criminal exposureYes
Criminal exposure note
Article 65(1) subjects anyone who infringes a copyright protected under the Law, without prejudice to a severer penalty under the Penal Code or another law, to imprisonment of no less than three months and no more than one year and a fine of no less than BD 500 and no more than BD 4,000, or either penalty.
Penalty structure
Fine of BD 500 to BD 4,000 under Article 65(1); the same paragraph also allows imprisonment of three months to one year instead of or in addition to the fine.
- Rule
- Fixed only
- As of
- Currency
- BHD
- Fixed cap
- 4,000
What it makes you log
Logging duty
Article 3(2) gives collections and databases the protection of a derivative work and Article 4 excludes bare data. They impose no duty to create, keep, produce or review a log or record. The register of disposals and the collecting-society membership records in other articles are outside the provisions this row covers.
- Kind
- None
- As of
What this law does
Article 3(2) protects, as a derivative work, a collection such as an encyclopedia or a database in a computer-readable or other format, whether the collection is created through the selection or arrangement of its contents, without prejudice to protection of the original works the collection draws on.
Article 4 separately excludes abstract ideas, data, statutes, court judgments, and bare news of current events from protection, but its closing sentence extends protection to a collection of that excluded material where the compilation is itself creative in its selection or arrangement.
Because data itself is on that Article 4 exclusion list, extracting the underlying facts or data from a compiled database falls outside this protection even where the compilation's own selection or arrangement is protected. Article 81 provides that the Law takes effect from the day following the date of its publication in the Official Gazette. No source located states the resulting day.
When LexLint raises it
When your app profile says your app crawls the web or trains models.
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