CroatiaKazneni zakon Article 215a, Endangering Life and Property by an Artificial Intelligence System
In force since .
An AI prohibited practices rule binding public and private bodies.
- Obligation class
- Prohibition
- Audit expectation
- none
What it requires
- Do not develop, test, verify, oversee, manage, or otherwise use an artificial intelligence system in a way that creates a danger to a person's life or body, or to property on a large scale, in Croatia. This is a criminal offence.
These lines are LexLint's reading of the law's text.
In the frameworks
- NIST AI RMF
- MEASURE 2.6The AI system is evaluated regularly for safety risks – as identified in the MAP function. The AI system to be deployed is demonstrated to be safe, its residual negative risk does not exceed the risk tolerance, and it can fail safely, particularly if made to operate beyond its knowledge limits. Safety metrics reflect system reliability and robustness, real-time monitoring, and response times for AI system failures.
Our reading of where this law's duties sit in each framework. It never says that running a control meets the law. How we read a framework against the law
If you get it wrong
Criminal exposureYes
Criminal exposure note
Kazneni zakon Art. 215a (inserted by Narodne novine 136/2025) punishes intentionally causing danger to life, body or large-scale property through the development, testing, verification, oversight, management or use of an AI system with six months to five years' imprisonment, and the negligent version with up to three years. Where the intentional offence causes serious bodily injury or extensive property damage the range rises to one to ten years, and to three to fifteen years where it causes one or more deaths; the negligent offence's aggravated ranges are six months to five years and one to eight years respectively.
Who enforces it
Settledness
- As of
- Open questions
- Does 'imovinu većeg opsega' (property of a larger scale) in Article 215.a(1) correspond to a monetary threshold in the Kazneni zakon, and is it the same measure as 'imovinska šteta velikih razmjera' (property damage of great scale) in paragraphs (3) and (5)?
- Does 'u razvoju, testiranju, provjeri, nadzoru, upravljanju, uporabi sustava umjetne inteligencije ili na drugi način' (in the development, testing, verification, oversight, management or use of an artificial intelligence system or in another way) reach a provider that supplies a general-purpose model which a third party then deploys in a way that creates the danger?
What it makes you log
Logging duty
Article 215a criminalizes creating a danger to life, body or property of a large scale through the development, testing, verification, oversight, management or other use of an AI system. It states no duty to create, keep or produce a log or record of anything.
- Kind
- None
- As of
What this law does
Article 215a of the Kazneni zakon (Criminal Code), inserted by the Act of amending the Criminal Code, criminalises developing, testing, verifying, overseeing, managing or otherwise using an artificial intelligence system in a way that creates a danger to a person's life or body, or to property on a large scale, where the conduct does not amount to a more serious offence.
The amending Act defines an artificial intelligence system in the same terms as the EU AI Act: a machine-based system of varying levels of autonomy that, from the input it receives, infers how to generate outputs such as predictions, content, recommendations or decisions that can influence physical or virtual environments.
Intentional commission carries six months to five years' imprisonment and negligent commission up to three years; where the offence causes serious bodily injury or property damage of a large scale the ranges rise to one to ten years and six months to five years respectively, and where it causes one or more deaths they rise to three to fifteen years and one to eight years respectively.
When LexLint raises it
When your app profile says your app makes high-risk automated decisions.
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