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Law / Turkey

Turkish Code of Obligations, Standard Contract Terms

Law No. 6098 (Türk Borçlar Kanunu), Arts. 20-25 (Genel İşlem Koşulları)

archived copyRead from a public archive copy, not the publisher directly. The publisher does not serve this page to automated readers, so a direct fetch was not an option here; how we access sources. Archived 2026. Publisher's page: https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/mevzuatmetin/1.5.6098.pdf

In force since .

A contract terms of service (ToS) rule binding public and private bodies.

Obligation class
Contract terms

What it requires

  • When you rely on standard contract terms that go against the other party's interest, expressly inform the other party that the terms exist and give it the chance to learn their content when the contract is made; the terms enter the contract only if the other party accepts them, and otherwise are deemed unwritten (Art. 21).
  • Do not rely on standard terms that are foreign to the nature of the contract and the particular character of the work; they are deemed unwritten (Art. 21).
  • Do not rely on a clause that gives you alone the power to change a provision of the contract, or to add a new rule, against the other party; it is deemed unwritten (Art. 24).
  • Do not put into standard terms provisions that, contrary to good faith, put the other party at a disadvantage or worsen its position (Art. 25).

These lines are LexLint's reading of the law's text.

What this law does

Drafted with AI

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Research summary

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Articles 20 to 25 of the Turkish Code of Obligations regulate standard contract terms, meaning contract terms that a drafter prepares alone and in advance, to use in many similar contracts, and presents to the other party.

Under Article 21, standard terms that go against the other party's interest enter the contract only if, when the contract is made, the drafter expressly informs the other party that the terms exist and gives it the chance to learn their content, and the other party accepts them; otherwise the terms are deemed unwritten, as are terms foreign to the nature of the contract and the particular character of the work.

Under Article 22, the contract's other provisions stay valid when terms are deemed unwritten. Under Article 23, a term that is unclear or open to several meanings is read against the drafter and in favor of the other party. Under Article 24, a clause that gives the drafter the power to change a provision of the contract, or to add a new rule, unilaterally against the other party is deemed unwritten.

Under Article 25, standard terms may not contain provisions that, contrary to good faith, put the other party at a disadvantage or worsen its position. The Code entered into force on .

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