SpainRDL 24/2021 Article 67, Text and Data Mining Exception
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In force since 4 November 2021.
A copyright and text and data mining (TDM) rule binding public and private bodies.
As of 2 September 2026.
What it requires
- Honor an express, machine-readable rights reservation before relying on the general text-and-data-mining exception to reproduce a legitimately accessible work, per RDL 24/2021 art. 67.3.
- A research organization or cultural-heritage institution mining for scientific research is not subject to that opt-out, per art. 67.4.
What this law does
Drafted with AI from the cited sources under the direction of UnGovr staff. UnGovr holds editorial responsibility for this page.
No authorization from an intellectual-property rights holder is needed for reproductions of legitimately accessible works made for text and data mining purposes, per Article 67(1). That exception does not apply where rights holders have expressly reserved the use of their works through machine-readable means or other adequate means, per Article 67(3), an opt-out a crawler must honor to keep the general exception available.
A separate, unconditional exception in Article 67(4) covers research organizations and cultural-heritage institutions carrying out text and data mining for scientific research, without the opt-out that limits the general exception.
When LexLint raises it
crawls_webtrains_models
Read the law
BOE, consolidated text of Real Decreto-ley 24/2021
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